منابع مشابه
Synapse Formation: Astrocytes Spout off
Trillions of synapses form as the brain develops. This intimate contact between two neurons has now been shown to be facilitated by thrombospondins - large extracellular matrix proteins secreted by astrocytes.
متن کاملAstrocytes Control Synapse Formation, Function, and Elimination.
Astrocytes, through their close associations with synapses, can monitor and alter synaptic function, thus actively controlling synaptic transmission in the adult brain. Besides their important role at adult synapses, in the last three decades a number of critical findings have highlighted the importance of astrocytes in the establishment of synaptic connectivity in the developing brain. In this...
متن کاملAstrocytes Release Soluble Factors that Influence Synapse Formation
Introduction Glial cells comprise 90% of the human brain.1 Glia are divided into two subtypes, the microglia which function largely as scavengers to engulf apoptotic cell debris and the macroglia comprised of oligodendrocytes that myelinate axons, and astrocytes.2 Here we focus on the astrocyte which has many well-defined functions; astrocytes control ion homeostasis, uptake glutamate at the sy...
متن کاملSchwann cells and astrocytes induce synapse formation by spinal motor neurons in culture.
Glia constitute 90% of cells in the human nervous system, but relatively little is known about their functions. We have been focusing on the potential synaptic roles of glia in the CNS. We recently found that astrocytes increase the number of mature, functional synapses on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) by sevenfold and are required for synaptic maintenance in vitro. These observations raised th...
متن کاملAstrocytes regulate inhibitory synapse formation via Trk-mediated modulation of postsynaptic GABAA receptors.
Astrocytes promote the formation and function of excitatory synapses in the CNS. However, whether and how astrocytes modulate inhibitory synaptogenesis are essentially unknown. We asked whether astrocytes regulate the formation of inhibitory synapses between hippocampal neurons during maturation in vitro. Neuronal coculture with astrocytes or treatment with astrocyte-conditioned medium (ACM) in...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Current Biology
سال: 2005
ISSN: 0960-9822
DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2005.02.013